Which committee type is focused on a singular outcome and dissolves upon task completion?

The correct answer is a special committee. A special committee is established to address a specific issue or task and has a defined purpose. Once it has completed its work and achieved the intended outcome, it disbands. This characteristic makes it distinct, as its formation is temporary and focused solely on the particular task at hand.

In contrast, a standing committee is a permanent committee that continually addresses specific areas of responsibility over time, maintaining ongoing oversight. A task force typically refers to a group formed to tackle a specific project or problem but may remain active for longer durations or consist of members from various committees. An advisory committee, on the other hand, is designed to provide guidance and recommendations for decision-making but does not dissolve upon completing a specific task. Thus, the nature and purpose of a special committee make it the correct choice for this question.